Tiles export
The export of ceramic tiles, like other goods exported from Iran, is done according to a series of legal procedures. In fact, it can be said that the export and sale of ceramic tiles is one of the businesses and businesses that can have a lot of income for the producers of this industry in Iran. Exporting them to Iran’s neighboring countries such as Iraq, Armenia, Georgia, Russia, Turkey, Pakistan, Tajikistan, Azerbaijan, Kuwait, Oman, UAE, Turkmenistan and even distant countries such as European or African countries is a lucrative non-profit business. Oil can be for our beloved country Iran. Last year, exports of these products to Iran reached more than $ 500 million, an increase of 30% over the previous year.
At present, there are 135 active ceramic tile factories in Iran, of which 40 new factories are in operation, which need new exporters to export their products. Ceramic tile industry is one of the old Iranian occupations that was used in different forms in each historical period. Iran is one of the major producing countries in the ceramic tile industry, which with its great capacity in this industry has been able to be recognized as the largest exporter of these products in West Asia. This industry has always been used to beautify the inside and outside of buildings. Due to the weather conditions, export ceramic tiles are produced in a special process so that they can be used in different places.
What is the quality of ceramic tiles based on?
The quality of ceramic tiles goes back to the factors of making good ceramic tiles. From the beginning of preparing soil, mud and mineral compounds, which is one of the most important issues in making tiles, to the end of tile baking, a piece of tile consists of two parts:
The first is the piece of pottery that forms the main part and the skeleton of the tile.
The second is the glaze on it, which forms a glassy material and part of its surface.
One of the most important factors in the ceramic tile industry is to choose these two materials so that their coefficient of expansion is equal, because considering that in the current buildings and smart home, tiles are often used in services and In these places, especially in bathrooms, ceramic tiles are exposed to rapid changes in temperature, resulting in severe contraction and expansion in the tile, and the glaze on them is much crispier than the pottery, so if the coefficient The expansion of the contraction of pottery and glaze on it is not the same, immediately after consumption, cracks are created on it and the tile looks very bad.
Tiles export with Tamin Paydar Commercial Group
Ceramic tile grading steps and their classification
In the discussion of grading ceramic tiles, they are divided into several grades in terms of quality and no defects, which is the type of grade and date of production by the manufacturer on the ceramic tile carton. After they leave the furnace line and are transferred to the pallet, they remain in the pallet section for 4 to 5 hours, then are transferred to the grading section by a device such as TGV or LGV. The tiles are removed from the pallet by a schematic device and placed on the grading line. Grading of ceramic tiles is done as follows:
1. Grading of appearance surface by operators
At this stage, the work of grading the ceramic tiles with the appearance surface is done by the operators. In the surface grading section, the operators use magic to determine the grade on the tile. At this stage, the operators grade the tiles based on the defects in the tile, such as glaze, cracks, welds, print quality, color, paleness, etc. Tiles are generally graded based on appearance, arch and size.
2. Identify arches and ridges
After the surface of the tile, it reaches the part of arches and ridges. In this part, five sensors are in line, each sensor has two electronic eyes. The sensors also grade the tile based on the arcs and ridges based on the information given to the device. Grading in each of the ceramic tiles with concave or convex surface is defined as follows:
Convex
If a product of the tenth percentile is prominent, it will be considered as a first-class product in the sales ranking of ceramic tiles. If this amount reaches one tenth of one percent, the tile or ceramic is considered second grade, and if the degree of convexity of the product reaches three and one percent, the product will be third grade.
To be concave
If a ceramic tile product has a tenth or half percent depression, it is called first grade. If this degree of concavity reaches the tenth percentile, it will be a second-grade tile, and if the degree of concavity is ninth-tenth percent, it will be the product of a third-grade ceramic tile.
3. Calibration or sizing section
Then, after passing the tiles and ceramics from the previous section, it reaches the calibrated or sized section, where the tiles and ceramics are graded in terms of size. In the sizing ceramic tile section, all the tiles and ceramics on this line will pass under the sensors that measure the tiles and ceramics, and with the sample tile, which is basically a tile of normal size. They compare. After this part, the tiles and ceramics reach two infrared sensors that perform the general grading.
4. General rating section
To make this part clearer, we will give you an example: When the tile is grade 1 in terms of surface appearance, grade 2 in terms of arc, and grade 3 in terms of size, these two sensors always choose the largest number that this product has. Grade 3 ceramic tiles are announced at auction, because even the slightest defect causes our grade to be different.
5. Sorting and sorting section
After the sensors grade the ceramic tiles, it is time to send the tiles to the sorting section. In this section, there are 9 stickers in which the ceramic tiles are arranged and stacked on top of each other. In this part, the tiles and ceramics are separated to different degrees and transferred to the next part by chains.
6. Packing and checking products
In this part, the tiles are arranged in a row by several arms. The cartons are then fed into the input device by wind suction and placed around the tiles and ceramics. After leaving this part, the box reaches the printer. The task of this machine is to engrave the code, grade and date of production on the box. After the printer, the tile is covered with a layer of plastic and the box is inserted into the shearing machine. This device uses the heat in it to harden the plastic around the box and stick it on it. The cartons are removed after shearing and each carton is placed on a pallet according to its grade. The pallets are then sent to the warehouse by forklift and then sold at the ceramic tile auction.
Tiles export with Tamin Paydar Commercial Group
Is the export of tiles according to the tariff?
Tariffs for exporting ceramic tiles are the amount of costs that must be paid for customs clearance. These customs tariffs for ceramic exports from Iran have been set and determined by various organizations. Factors influencing customs tariffs are usually factors such as transportation, insurance and taxes, customs duties and others. It is not possible to specify a figure for ceramic tile export tariffs, as prices fluctuate sharply and customs regulations may change slightly each month due to export sanctions. You can get more detailed information about these tariffs by consulting with Tamin Paydar (Central) Trading Company.
How to determine the degree of ceramic tile with the eyes
In addition to paying attention to the grading of ceramic tiles on the product carton, using the following strategies can also help us to understand the grade of products correctly:
There are some very simple but experimental solutions to visually distinguish the quality of a ceramic tile product. One of these solutions is the size of the seam between the two tile molds. In order to perform this test well, you need to put two tiles together and make sure that there is no seam between them and the seam and the seam is the same from top to bottom.
Another solution is to place two ceramic tiles on top of each other from their glazed side and then press on one of the edges of the ceramic tile with a slight finger. During this movement, you should not feel the tiles or ceramics stacked on top of each other shake or loosen.
Another method that can be tested is to measure the coefficient of contraction and expansion of the product as well as the quality of the glaze. To do this test, put the ceramic tile in the refrigerator for a few hours and then put it in boiling water. If the tested ceramic tiles withstand this temperature difference and the glaze does not crack, we will find that the product is good.
A few tips about exporting ceramic tiles
The coefficient of friction or slip resistance is indicated by the symbol COF. The higher the coefficient on a tile, the less slipperiness it will have. Tiles with a coefficient of friction greater than 0.5 are used for residential use and with a coefficient greater than 0.6 for commercial use.
In the baking of ceramic floor tiles, the baking of biscuits is eliminated. Decor is not printed and is removed, because it does not withstand the pressure of the printing machine and breaks.
For glossy ceramic tiles, the degree of abrasion is marked with the PEI mark on the package. This grade is classified into 5 categories. Grade one is the most vulnerable to abrasion and grade five is the most resistant. For busy places, the use of ceramic tiles with a degree of wear less than 3 is not recommended. This rating does not exist for matte ceramic tiles.
Tiles export with Tamin Paydar Commercial Group
What factors affect the final quality of gash and ceramics?
Specifications of ceramic tile construction materials must be in accordance with Iranian national standards. Here are some important factors in standardizing the price of ceramic tiles which effect on export of tiles:
Moisture expansion
Ceramic wall tiles crack after 3 to 4 years. These cracks in the early stages are related to the difference in coefficient of thermal expansion of the glaze and the body. But the main reason is the expansion of moisture. Due to its proximity to the humid atmosphere, tile biscuits expand. This will cause the glaze to stretch. Continuous and excessive tension causes the surface of the ceramic tile to crack. جلوگیری To prevent heat shock, we must consider the coefficient of thermal expansion of the glaze less than the body of the tile. This prevents cracks in the tile due to sudden temperature changes.
Flexural strength
The method of measuring the flexural strength of ceramic tiles is a 3-point test, ie they are subjected to pure bending, in such a way that two supports and a compressive force of the point of the ceramic tile are inserted. The standard flexural strength for wall ceramic tiles should be more than 175 and for floor ceramic tiles more than 350 kg / m2.
Water absorption rate
For wall ceramic tiles, the permissible water absorption percentage is 12 to 18. For floor tiles this value is reduced to 0 to 2%. The reason for this difference is that the amount of water absorption is inversely proportional to the abrasion strength and power, so to achieve high abrasion strength and resistance in floor ceramic tiles, the percentage of water absorption should be low. In the case of wall tiles and ceramics, the water absorption percentage of less than 12 will prevent it from sticking to the wall.
Water absorption of more than 18% will also greatly affect the strength of the product. The amount of water absorption in ceramic tile packages is indicated by W.A or letter E. Ceramic tiles are divided into 4 categories depending on the percentage of water absorption: non-glass, semi-glass, glass and impermeable. Non-glass tiles have the highest water absorption and impermeable tiles have the lowest water absorption.
In the construction of the floor tile body, non-calcareous clay is used, ie stoneware soils. Therefore, floor tile bodies are part of the columnar. According to the Italian standard, the percentage of water absorption of floor tiles is less than 6% and in Iran, the percentage of water absorption is 2%.
